What term describes a state that is violently agitated or tumultuous?

The term that describes a state that is violently agitated or tumultuous is "turbulent." This word is often used to characterize situations involving chaos, disorder, or unrest. It can apply to various contexts, including weather (like turbulent waters), emotional states, or social conditions.

In contrast, the terms tranquil, calm, and serene all denote a state of peace and stability. These words imply a lack of agitation or disturbance, making them opposite to what "turbulent" conveys. The effectiveness of "turbulent" lies in its ability to evoke a sense of discord and instability, which is integral to understanding contexts where such a condition occurs.